《金匮要略》紫参的本草考证

Herbal Textural Research on Zishen in Synopsis of Golden Chamber

通过研究医经及历代本草方书、医籍并结合现代文献,笔者对《金匮要略》紫参汤及泽漆汤中所用紫参的异名、基源、采收炮制等内容进行系统性本草考证,以期为推进经方原方临床应用提供文献支持。经考证可知,历代紫参除牡蒙、童肠、众戎外,异名众多,并通过牡蒙、草河车分别于王孙、蚤休相混。紫参基源涉及蓼科、唇形科、毛茛科、百合科、蕨类等多种。考证结果认为,《金匮要略》所用紫参应为蓼科蓼属植物,且与珠芽蓼Bistorta vivipara和水蓼Persicaria hydropiper的吻合度更高。

Through the study of the medical classics and the materia medica books and medical texts of the past dynasties,combined with modern literature,the author systematically examines the synonyms,base sources,harvesting and processing of purple ginseng used in the Zishen decoction and Zeqi decoction of Synopsis of Golden Chamber,in order to provide literature support for promoting the clinical application of the original formula of the classical prescription.After examination,it can be seen that in addition to Mumeng,Tongchang and Zhongrong,there are many different names in the past,and through Mumeng and Caoheche,they are mixed with Wangsun and Zaoxiu respectively.Zishen base sources includes Polygonaceae,Lamiaceae,Ranunculaceaea,Liliaceae,and Ferns,etc..The results of the examination suggest that the purple ginseng in Synopsis of Golden Chamber should be a plant of Persicaria,and the anastomosis with Bistorta vivipara and Persicaria hydropiper is higher.