新文学的“古典化”——沈紫曼与三十年代的南京文坛

The“Classicalization”of the New Literature——Shen Ziman and the Nanjing Literary World of the 1930s

沈祖棻在三十年代的南京曾以“紫曼”的笔名写作了大量的新文学作品,这些作品显示着强烈的“古典化”的特征,这也是此时期南京新文坛的普遍特征。在文学观念上,“古典化”意味着新文学被转化为自律领域,进而与其文学革命时期的政治向度分离;在创作方法上,“古典化”将模仿当作首要创作技法;反映在文本风格上,“古典化”表现为文体与辞藻的新旧杂糅。“古典化”显著不同于文学革命时期关于文学政治性、原创性和素朴风格的想象,却是三十年代新文学普遍存在的一种趋势,并深刻影响了此后新文学的实践。

Under the pen name“Ziman”,Shen Zufen wrote a large number of new literature in the 1930s,which strongly showed the feature of“classicalization”,a common feature among the new literary writers in Nanjing during this period.In terms of literary conception,“classicalization”meant that new literature was transformed into the field of self-regulation,and thus separated itself from the political dimension in the period of literary revolution.In terms of writing skills,“classicalization”took imitation as the basic and primary technique.In terms of style and genre,“classicalization”manifested itself in a mixture of old and new styles and diction.“Classicization”was significantly different from the imaginings of literary politics,originality,and austere style of literature during the literary revolution period.However,it became a widespread trend of the new literature of the 1930s,and deeply influenced the practice of new literature thereafter.