课程思政如何破解“两张皮”难题——知识与社会联系的认识论视角

How Ideological and Political Education Solves the"Two-Skin"Problem to Avoid Its Separation from Academic Disciplines——An Epistemological Perspective of the Connection Between Knowledge and Society

课程思政作为思想政治教育体系的重要部分,其实质在于挖掘专业教育中各类课程的思政元素,寓价值观引导于知识传授和能力培养的过程。“两张皮”难题是对课程思政实践中拼贴式、标签化地添加思政要素,引发的专业教育和思政教育难以深度融合,呈现出相互游离式困境的形象表达。“两张皮”的症结导致课程思政被异化为“专业课程+思政课程”。为此,破解“两张皮”难题的关键在于,从专业教育和思政教育的内在联系中理解知识与社会的关系实质,确定知识与社会的融合处作为课程思政的内生载体。破解课程思政“两张皮”难题的认识论思路在于发现知识的社会基础与实现知识的社会价值,以此强化知识与社会的内在联系,其实践策略在于通过构建社会取向的课程育人体系,凸显课程目标的社会维度,增强课程知识与社会生活的联系,推进社会实践取向的课程实施,开展社会价值导向的课程评价。

As an important part of the ideological and political education(IPE)system,IPE integrated into academic disciplines essentially indicates digging ideological and political elements in academic disciplines,and integrating values direction into knowledge teaching and ability training.The"two-skin problem,"namely the separation of IPE from academic disciplines,is a vivid description of the phenomenon that it is difficult for IPE to integrate with academic disciplines,for labelled ideological and political elements are spliced to IPE so that a dilemma arises that IPE and academic disciplines separate from each other.As a result,IPE is alienated and viewed as"academic disciplines+ideological and political courses."Thus,the key to tackling the"two-skin problem"is to understand the essence of the relationship between knowledge and society based on the inherent connection between academic disciplines and IPE,determine the integrating points of knowledge and society,and use them as the endogenous carrier of IPE.Epistemologically,to tackle the"two-skin"problem,we need to strengthen the inherent connection between knowledge and society by means of discovering the social basis of knowledge and achieving the social value of knowledge;in our practice,we need to build a society-oriented curriculum system so as to highlight the dimension of society in the objectives of the curriculum,strengthen the connection between curriculum knowledge and social life,promote the implementation of the social practice-oriented curriculum,and make a social value-oriented curriculum assessment.