版权过滤机制的多元属性与本土生成

Multiple Attributes and Local Generation of Copyright Filtering Mechanism

版权过滤机制作为算法时代由网络服务提供者选择采用的一项制度,在我国更多地被视为网络服务提供者注意义务标准提升和必要措施范畴扩大的结果,进而导致对平台责任的探讨陷入“技术水平—责任水平”的循环比较。回顾互联网平台适用版权过滤机制的历史可知,过滤机制并非主动过滤义务,而是涵盖确权、授权和侵权治理三个方面内容的版权治理私立规则,旨在基于商业模式和传播技术的变化将交易成本在著作权人、网络服务提供者和网络用户三方之间灵活分配。因此,有必要在司法审判中认可和细化对“转授权”的合法性判断,保障网络服务提供者能够借助过滤机制创设新的大规模许可渠道。同时,应避免将算法过滤技术直接作为提高注意义务标准或扩张必要措施范畴的依据,以保障合理使用等规则的正常适用。

As a widely adopted system in algorithms era by internet service providers,copyright filtering is considered as the result of Increased duty of care and expanded necessary measures in China.But this perception leads to a highly controversial debate based on“from technology promotion to liability escalation”.After reviewing the history of copyright filtering system,it is not a proactive filtering obligation,but a compound private ordering that contains confirmation of rights,use license and infringement prohibition.This private ordering can actively allocate transaction costs among copyright owners,internet service providers and end users for the change of business model.In order to fully adopt all three levels of copyright filtering system,the legality and standard of sublicense should be confirmed through the justice.Meanwhile,copyright filtering system should not be considered as necessary measures,so that fair use and other judicial judgment can be normally applied.