基于Kano-区间直觉模糊QFD的智能衣柜设计

Smart wardrobe design based on Kano-interval intuitionistic fuzzy QFD

智能家居由智能对象组合而成,可方便地进行对象与用户之间的信息传递。然而在智能家具设计过程中,由于环境的复杂性、用户需求的多样性,设计人员往往难以准确抓取设计需求,对用户体验关注度低。为帮助设计人员建立智能家具设计流程,精准获取用户需求,提升用户满意度,以智能衣柜设计为例,采用多标准决策(MCDM)流程进行研究。利用KJ法进行层次分析,并根据Kano模型进行聚类,确定各组的重要性。然后,利用FAST方法对衣柜柜体进行功能分解,获得功能结构。最后,将智能衣柜的功能设计需求导入质量功能展开(QFD)模型的“需求-功能”中,得到智能衣柜的设计要求。依据该方法流程建立了用户需求与衣柜功能之间的关联,完成了智能衣柜的功能设计。研究基于IVIF集将QFD扩展,为决策者(DM)提供决策环境,使决策者在评估和整体计算犹豫不决的因素时可以得到更可靠的结果,为其他更多的智能设计提供理论和方法支持。

Smart furniture consists of a combination of smart objects,which connects smart furniture to the outside world of the internet and allows for easy information transfer between objects and users.At the same time,smart objects connect smart homes with the outside world of internet,greatly enhancing the convenience of people s lives,and smart wardrobe composed of computer-like technology,internet connectivity and applications are their representative products.However,in the process of the smart furniture design,due to the complexity of the environment and the diversity of user needs,designers often have difficulty in accurately capturing design requirements and pay little attention to user experience.In addition,in some studies,decision makers often make information decisions based on their own subjective experience and existing cognition,which makes the evaluation results more subjective,and human thinking has judgment ambiguity,using a single evaluation scale would lead to decision bias,resulting in the final results being deviated from the design direction.To help designers establish a smart furniture design process,accurately capture user needs,and improve user satisfaction,a multi-criteria decision making(MCDM)process was used to study the smart wardrobe design as an example.The hierarchical analysis was conducted using the KJ method and the clustering was performed according to the Kano model to determine the importance of each group.Then,the FAST method was used to decompose the functions of the wardrobe cabinet to obtain the functional structure.Finally,the functional design requirements of the smart wardrobe were imported into the“demand-function”of the quality house model(QFD)to obtain the design requirements of the smart wardrobe.Based on the method flow,the correlation between user requirements and wardrobe functions was established,and the functional design of the smart wardrobe was completed.The overall satisfaction survey was conducted by distributing system usability scale(SUS)questionnaires,and the survey results verified the rationality of the proposed method from the side,and the wardrobe structure designed according to the method can meet most consumers needs.This study extended the QFD based on the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy(IVIF)set to provide a decision-making environment for decision makers(DMs)to obtain more reliable results when evaluating and calculating indecisive factors were as a whole,providing theoretical and methodological support for other more smart designs.