日本鳗鲡营养需求及饲料添加剂研究进展

Progress in research on nutritional requirements and feed additives for Japanese eel(Anguilla japonica):a review

日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)是中国重要的水产养殖品种之一,明确日本鳗鲡的营养需求对促进饲料研发和产业发展至关重要。本文综述了日本鳗鲡对蛋白质、脂肪、维生素和矿物质等的需求,蛋白源替代问题,以及饲料添加剂的作用效果等研究进展,针对日本鳗鲡营养需求和配合饲料优化研究中存在的问题,提出系统地研究日本鳗鲡在不同生长阶段的营养需求及构建营养需求数据库,尤其是仔鳗的营养需求,加强复合饲料添加剂及其相互作用的研究,加深对不同添加剂之间协同互作和拮抗互作机制的认识等未来重点研究方向,以期为日本鳗鲡营养需求和配合饲料优化研究提供有益参考,助力鳗鲡产业可持续发展。

The Japanese eel(Anguilla japonica)is one of the important aquaculture fish in China.To facilitate feed manufacture and the development of eel industry,it is critical to study nutritional requirements of this species.In this article,we provide up-to-date information regarding protein,lipid,vitamin and mineral requirements of the Japanese eel,and summarize studies on both replacements of scarce natural nutrients with more sustainable alternatives(e.g.,plant proteins)and feed additive functions.To bridge the current major research gaps in knowledge of nutrition needs,we suggest that,in the future,special attention should be paid on comprehensive understanding of nutrients required at different growth stages of the Japanese eel,particularly in larval stage.Moreover,nutritional requirement database for the Japanese eel should be established.Researches on functions of multi-additives and interactions between different additives should be enhanced;mechanisms underlying synergistic and antagonistic interactions should be understood in depth.To sum up,the information and suggestions in this article will be helpful for better understanding of the nutritional requirements of the Japanese eel,for formulating nutritionally balanced feed,and for facilitating the sustainable development of eel aquaculture industry.