劳动、集体与女工形象建构——以十七年小说中的三部女工题材小说为例

Labor,Collective and Female Worker Image Construction:Taking Three Female Worker Novels in the Seventeen-Year Literature as an Example

女工作为工人群体在十七年工业题材小说中虽然没有男性工人那样的主流地位,但是在小说中展现了社会主义革命和建设时期鲜明的时代精神。《古小菊和她的姊妹》《沙桂英》和《检验工叶英》中的女工形象,即是典型形象。这些女工形象的塑造离不开“劳动”与“集体”的作用。女工在劳动中重塑集体、建立尊严、带来责任与互助意识,丰富了女工的内在精神。而集体则成为女工劳动发生、建构自我认同、性别认同的场域。十七年小说中的女工形象展现了二十世纪五六十年代女性工人在集体中构建“主人”意识、通过劳动解放自身的努力。

Although female workers are not as mainstream as male workers in the seventeen-year industrial novels,they show the distinctive spirit of the times during the socialist revolution and construction period.The female workers in Gu Xiaoju and Her Sisters,Sha Guiying and Inspector Ye Ying are typical images.The shaping of the image of these women workers is inseparable from the role of“labor”and“collective”.Women workers rebuild the collective,establish dignity,bring consciousness of responsibility and mutual help,enriching the inner spirit of women workers.The collective becomes the field of female workers’labor and con-struction of self-identity and gender identity.The images of female workers in the seventeen years’novel show the efforts of female workers in the fifties and sixties to construct the consciousness of“masters”in the collective and liberate themselves through labor.