柔性刮擦机对小麦中真菌毒素的脱除效果研究

Research on the Effect of Removing Mycotoxins from Wheat by Flexible Peeler

小麦赤霉病不但会造成小麦减产、降低籽粒品质和价值,还可能会导致真菌毒素污染。本文采用柔性刮擦机对呕吐毒素(Deoxynivalenol,DON)不同污染水平的小麦进行柔性刮擦处理,采用国标方法测定处理前后呕吐毒素的变化。结果显示,低污染水平(DON<3000μg·kg^(-1))的小麦经过柔性刮擦机的柔性打击、刮擦、磨削,呕吐毒素的脱除率可达66.2%及以上;而对于呕吐毒素污染严重的小麦(DON>5000μg·kg^(-1)),呕吐毒素多分布于籽粒内部,柔性刮擦机对呕吐毒素的脱除率仅达到12.8%。工业生产中可根据真菌毒素的污染程度,选用柔性刮擦机对小麦中真菌毒素进行脱除,以保证产品的质量和品质。

Wheat scab not only results in the yield reduction of wheat,reducing the quality and value,but also triggers risk of mycotoxin contamination.Wheat contaminated with different levels of deoxynivalenol(DON)was treated with flexible rubbing,and the changes of DON were determined by national standard method.The results showed that the removal rate of DON reached 66.2%when wheat was polluted with low levels(DON<3000μg·kg^(-1))by flexible striking,scraping,and grinding of the flexible peeler;While only 12.8%of DON was removed when wheat was contaminated seriously(DON>5000μg·kg^(-1)).In industrial production,according to the pollution degree of mycotoxins,flexible scrapers can be selected to remove mycotoxins from wheat to ensure the quality and quality of products.