河南大学生营养状况与知信行的调查研究

Investigation on Nutritional Status and Nutritional Knowledge,Attitude and Practice of College Students in Henan Province

目的:对河南大学生营养状况与知信行进行调查研究,分析大学生营养健康的知识(K)、态度(A)和行为(P)现状和营养状况之间的关系,为有针对性地开展健康教育提供依据。方法:选取河南5所高校学生作为调查对象,自行设计调查问卷,问卷星收集数据,SPSS 18.0进行数据分析。结果:大学生的营养状况欠佳,66.67%的大学生体重正常,超重达到14.89%、肥胖6.75%、营养不良11.69%,性别间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。大学生的营养知识平均分为(6.48±0.29)分,营养态度尚可,营养行为亟待加强,年级和专业间差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:大学生的营养和知信行状况不容乐观,应加强健康教育,督促学生改善饮食结构,养成健康行为,增强身体素质。

Objective:To investigate the nutritional status and knowledge,attitude,and practice of college students in Henan province,analyze the relationship between their nutritional health knowledge(K),attitude(A),practice(P),and nutritional status,and provide a basis for targeted health education.Method:Five universities in Henan were selected,and a self-designed questionnaire was used to collect data via the Wenjuanxing platform.Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 18.0.Result:The nutritional status of college students was poor,with only 66.67%of students having a normal weight.The rates of overweight,obesity,and malnutrition were 14.89%,6.75%,and 11.69%,respectively.There was a statistically significant difference between genders(P<0.001).The average score for nutritional knowledge among college students was 6.48±0.29,indicating a moderate level.Nutritional attitudes were acceptable,but nutritional practice need improvement.There were statistically significant differences between grades and majors(P<0.001).Conclusion:The nutritional status and KAP of college students are not optimistic.It is necessary to strengthen health education,encourage students to improve their dietary structure,develop healthy behaviors,and enhance physical fitness.