汉文帝霸陵研究三题

On the mandibular torus at the Xiawanggang site of the Neolithic period

霸陵的“薄葬”,一是指其“丧礼”的简化,二则仅表现在大陵园不起高墙、帝陵“不起封土”且仅以平铺的河卵石为界等;霸陵在墓葬和陵园规模、外藏坑数量等方面与西汉中期帝陵几乎一致,更多地体现出了“简化葬礼不减葬制”的基本特点。形制要素的创新,则表现在双重陵园的首创、外藏系统的形成、葬墓的出现三个层面,这些变化对西汉帝陵规制的完善奠定了重要基础。

The author,while investigating the archaeological data of the Ba Mausoleum,offers a retrospect into the contents of"thrifty burial,""essential elements of mausoleum,"as well ass"mausoleum and mausoleum settlement."The so-called"thrifty burial rites"of the Ba Mausoleum includes,on one hand,the simplification of its funeral ceremony.On the other hand,it also includes the absence of high walls,with boundaries being marked by river pebbles.The Ba Mausoleum is almost identical with the imperial mausoleum in the middle Western Han Dynasty,in terms of the their scales,the number of accompanying pits,etc.Their similarities reflect the concept of simplified ceremonies while burial rites being intact.The innovation of the essential elements resides mainly in the appearance of the dual cemetery,the external burial pits,and the accompanying burials.The changes paved the foundation for the well establishment of the Western Han Dynasty Mausoleum system.