向善论与中国历史叙事的融贯理念

The Theory of Tending Towards Goodness and the Idea of Coherence in Chinese Historical Narrative

中国历史的悠久性与丰富性,让中国历史叙事常常面对一个个不同性质的事件时,很难保持一贯的叙事立场。在诸种叙史传统中,社会-历史的向善论构成历史叙事的主线。但向善论无法很好地解释历史中存在的恶性事件。这就造成了中国历史叙事中的恶性事件,要么被无视,要么被改写。中国历史就此成为向善论引导下的善性成长史。从总体上讲,这是国家史叙述的一个基本倾向。但这也是国家史叙述所面对的一个基本难题:它不足以让人理解复杂历史,而驱人满足于向善论的简单化历史图景。事实上,在历史中出现的向善与趋恶的不同事件,都是历史的有机组成部分。以一种融贯论的方法意识来看待历史、重述历史,可能是走出非此即彼的善恶对立性叙事模式的出路。藉此对中国历史作出免除突兀矛盾、且更为人接受的融贯叙述。

It is difficult to keep a consistent narration standpoint to a diversity of historical events owing to the Chinese long and rich history.Though the social-historical dimensioned theory of tending towards goodness constitutes the mainline of historical narrative among the various historical narrative traditions,the theory of tending towards goodness can not expound vicious events in history.Therefore,vicious events in Chinese historical narrative usually are neglected or rewritten.Consequently,the Chinese history turns to a history of the growth of goodness oriented by the theory of tending toward goodness,which is generally a basic tendency of national history narrative.However,it's also one of the basic problem of national historical narratives,since it's not enough for people to understand the complicated history,it rather drives people to be satisfied by the simplified history prospects provided by the theory of tending towards goodness.Actually,historical events,whether good or vicious,are historical organic components.To view and re-narrative history in a methodological awareness of coherence theory is probably a solution beyond the good-vicious dichotomy historical narrative mode,with which a more acceptable coherence narrative to Chinese history can be achieved free of stark contradictions.