龙牙楤木化学成分与药理作用研究进展

Progress in Research on Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Action of Aralia elata

龙牙楤木是五加科楤木属植物,在我国有着悠久的使用历史,广泛用于治疗肝炎、风湿性关节炎等多种疾病。龙牙楤木的化学成分多样,包括三萜皂苷、多糖类、甾体及其苷类、生物碱、氨基酸、挥发油等,其中研究最多的是皂苷类和多糖类成分,具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、保护心脏、保肝护肝等作用。笔者综述了龙牙楤木的化学成分及药理作用研究进展,并对该植物的潜在药用价值和研究不足之处展开讨论,以期为其进一步开发利用提供参考依据。

Aralia elata is a traditional Chinese medicine with a long history of medicinal use.It is widely used in the treatment of various diseases.The main active components of Aralia elata are saponins and polysaccharides.It has anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,anti-tumor,heart protection,liver protection,and other functions.Since the last century,the research of Aralia elata has gradually delved into its specific chemical composition.This review introduced the considerable diversity of pharmacological effects of Aralia elata reported in numerous articles published in China and other countries and summarized the research progress of its chemical constituents,focusing on saponins and polysaccharides of monomers.The potential medicinal value of this plant and the shortcomings of current research were also discussed.It is hoped that this review will help expand the application of this high-value medicinal plant in drug therapy and further discover new drugs based on the active ingredients and secondary metabolites of this plant.