艺术为人生和世界作审美之辩护——尼采和叶芝艺术观比较探析

Art’s Aesthetic Defense for Human Life and World:A Comparative Analysis of Nietzsche’s and Yeats’s Artistic Views

F. W.尼采和W. B.叶芝的艺术观在文化意义上存在深刻的相通性,在内容实质上则存在明显的差异性。在面临现代性危机时,尼采和叶芝都认为只有艺术能赋予人生和世界于意义,从而为人生和世界作审美之辩护。他们信仰日神和酒神,相信艺术能拯救人生,并使生命永恒。二者的差异性在于尼氏艺术观重视艺术的形而上慰藉和美化功能,叶氏艺术观强调艺术对心灵的净化作用。比较二人艺术观的异同,不仅有助于发现人类共同的“诗心”和“文心”,更有益于促进不同文明之间异质文化的互补性。

F.W.Nietzsche’s and W.B.Yeats’s artistic views have striking similarities in cultural connotation,but they have obvious differences in their content.Faced with modernity crisis,Nietzsche and Yeats argue that only art can give meaning to human life and the world,so as to defend human life and the world.They have faith in Apollo and Dionysus,and believe that art can save life and make life eternal.The difference between them is that Nietzschean artistic view attaches importance to the metaphysical comfort and beautification function of the art,but Yeatsian artistic view emphasizes the purification function of the art on human soul.Comparing the similarities and differences between them can not only find out the common“poetic core”and“literary core”,but also promote the complementarity of heterogeneous cultures between different civilizations.