个人生物识别信息的公益诉讼制度优化研究

Research on the Optimization of Public Interest Litigation System in Personal Biometric Information Field

个人生物识别信息公益诉讼制度建立在信息的公共性基础之上,能有效改善信息个人的弱势处境,缓解公权力与私权利的内在张力。公益诉讼制度介入到个人生物识别信息保护中,其法律依据是《个人信息保护法》第70条。当前,在适用上还存在着适用条件不具体、起诉主体顺位难确定、举证责任未合理分配以及不同公益诉讼关系未厘清等问题,需要细化具体适用条件、明晰起诉主体顺位、公平分配证明责任以及整体把握不同公益诉讼的衔接与配合,从而保障个人生物识别信息公益诉讼制度在实践中有效落实,实现平衡信息主体间的利益,维护信息公共安全的目标。

The public interest litigation system of personal biometric information is based on the publicity of information.This system can effectively balance the unequal relationship between information handlers and information individuals,the internal tension between public power and private rights,thereby having the information protection superiority.Article 70 of the personal information protection law provides a legal basis for the public interest litigation system of personal biometric information,however,there are still some problems in the application,such as the lack of concrete application conditions,the difficulty in determining the order of the subject of prosecution,the unreasonable distribution of the burden of proof,and the unclearness of the relationship between different public interest litigation,etc.To ensure that the system of public interest litigation for personal biometric identification information can be effectively implemented in practice,it is necessary to detail the application conditions,clarify the order of litigants,distribute the burden of proof fairly,and clarify the relationship between different types of information public interest litigation.In this vein,the interests of information subjects are balanced,and the information public security are maintained accordingly.