基于生态足迹模型的粤港澳大湾区生态安全评价

Ecological security assessment of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area based on ecological footprint model

厘清人类对区域生态资源的消耗程度和占用大小对区域生态安全发展至关重要。本研究以粤港澳大湾区为研究对象,引入净初级生产力(NPP)修正均衡因子和产量因子,细化土地利用/土地覆盖变化(land use/land cover change,LUCC)类型为11类,并以区域的生物资源和能源消耗数据为基础,对大湾区2010、2019年的生态安全状况进行评估。结果表明:①大湾区LUCC变化明显,间接促使生态足迹发生变化。②大湾区整体生态环境处于安全状态;各城市生态环境存在差异,主要以肇庆、惠州、江门等外围城市表现为生态安全,以佛山、东莞、中山等中部城市表现为生态较差。③大湾区生态压力值整体处于降低趋势,在空间上呈现中部高、四周低的分布态势;在行政区上澳门地区为压力最大的城市,惠州、肇庆为压力最小的城市。

Clarifying the extent of human consumption and the size of occupancy of regional ecological resources is crucial to the development of regional ecological security.We took the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area as the research object,introduced the net primary productivity(NPP)modified equilibrium factor and yield factor,refined the land cover/use classification into 11 categories,and assessed the ecological security status of the Greater Bay Area in 2010 and 2019 based on the regional biological resources and energy consumption data.The results showed that:①The changes in land cover/use in the Greater Bay Area were obvious and indirectly contribute to the changes in ecological footprint.②The overall ecological environment of the Greater Bay Area was in a safe state;there were differences in the ecological environment of each city,with mainly peripheral cities such as Zhaoqing,Huizhou and Jiangmen showing ecological safety,and central cities such as Foshan,Dongguan and Zhongshan showing poor ecology.③The overall ecological pressure value of the Greater Bay Area was in a decreasing trend,with a spatial distribution of high in the middle and low in the fourth;Macao was the city with the highest pressure,Huizhou and Zhaoqing were the cities with the lowest pressure in the administrative region.