围产期大肠埃希菌感染的相关因素

Related factors of perinatal Escherichia coli infection

大肠埃希菌是新生儿感染性疾病的重要致病菌,可导致新生儿脑膜炎、败血症等多种疾病,严重危害新生儿健康,但目前缺少有效的筛查及防治措施。本文对大肠埃希菌在孕妇及新生儿定植率、定植及母婴间传播的危险因素、对妊娠结局的影响,尤其对新生儿的危害等问题进行了简要综述。提示临床中可以对有高危因素的孕妇重点关注,对可能产生的不良妊娠结局提高警惕;对于定植孕妇娩出的新生儿,若发生早期败血症及脑膜炎等,需首先考虑大肠埃希菌可能,对于抗生素的选择有指导意义。

Escherichia coli is an important pathogen causing neonatal infectious diseases,such as neonatal meningitis and sepsis,and poses a great threat to the health of neonates.Currently,no effective screening and prevention measures are available.This article briefly reviews the rates of Escherichia coli colonization in pregnant women and newborns,the risk factors of colonization and transmission from mother to infant and the influences of Escherichia coli on pregnancy outcome,especially the harm to newborns.In clinical practice,more attention should be paid to high-risk pregnant women and the possible adverse pregnancy outcomes.For newborns born to mothers with Escherichia coli colonization,the possibility of Escherichia coli infection should be considered first if early meningitis and septicemia occur,which would be of great significance for the selection of antibiotics.