我国高等教育投入、科技创新与制造业高质量发展研究

Study on investment in higher education,scientific and technological innovation and high-quality development of manufacturing industry in China

高等院校是人才培养和科技产出的主阵地,高等教育投入的增加能够促进高等教育的产出,通过人才和智力输送促进制造业的高质量发展。构建制造业高质量发展指数和中介效应模型,采用定性与定量相结合的方法,可以研究我国不同地区高等教育投入对科技创新和制造业高质量发展的影响。研究结果显示:高等教育投入对制造业高质量发展有显著促进作用,但存在地区的异质性,东部地区促进作用高于中部地区,西部地区促进作用则不明显;高等教育投入可借助科技创新发挥中介效应,间接推动制造业高质量发展,但中介效应明显弱于直接效应。根据实证分析结论提出相应的政策建议:第一,加大高等教育投入,合理配置地区比例;第二,加快科研成果转化,留住各领域的人才和技术;第三,推动地区间高等教育和技术领域协调发展,促进高等教育和技术资源跨地区流动。

Colleges and universities are the main places for talent training and scientific and technological output,and the increase of investment in higher education can promote the output of higher education,and promote the high-quality development of manufacturing industry through the transfer of talents and intelligence.By constructing the high-quality development index and intermediary effect model of the manufacturing industry,we can study the influence of higher education investment on scientific and technological innovation and high-quality development of manufacturing industry in different regions of China by combing qualitative and quantitative methods.The results show that higher education investment has a significant promoting effect on the high-quality development of manufacturing industry,but there is regional heterogeneity,the promotion effect in eastern region is higher than that in central region,while the promoting effect in western region is not obvious;higher education investment can exert intermediary effect by means of scientific and technological innovation,and indirectly promote the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry,but the intermediary effect is obviously weaker than the direct effect.According to the empirical analysis,the corresponding policy recommendations are put forward:first,increase the investment in higher-education and rationally allocate the proportions of regions;second,accelerate the transformation of scientific research achievements and retain talents and technologies in various fields;third,promote the coordinated development of higher education and technology fields between regions,and promote the cross-regional flow of higher education and technology resources.