孟加拉国多元平衡外交的历史向度、现实考量与前景展望

The Pluralistic and Balanced Diplomacy of Bangladesh:Historical Dimension,Realistic Consideration and Prospects

孟加拉国自1971年独立以来奉行“平衡外交”策略。孟加拉国国父谢赫·穆吉布·拉赫曼被称为“外交政策的总设计师”,他推崇的“友及四方,不存恶意”外交理念和把孟加拉国打造成“东方瑞士”的外交定位对该国后来的外交政策制定产生深远影响。独立50余年来,孟实现了改善与印度关系,推动与巴基斯坦关系正常化,加强与伊斯兰国家间联系,积极加入国际和地区组织和合作机制,并深化与中国、日本、俄罗斯等主要大国间关系。孟加拉国之所以制定多元平衡外交战略,主要基于经济发展、政治稳定和区域安全三大需求。未来,孟加拉国将继续与印度保持紧密联系,与中国持续加强合作,并强化与日本、俄罗斯、美国等国家间关系,为发展优化资源配置。

Bangladesh has pursued a strategy of “balanced diplomacy” since its independence in 1971.Sheikh Mujibur Rahman,the founding father of Bangladesh,was known as the “chief architect of foreign policy”.His diplomatic concept of “friends with all,malice towards none” and the diplomatic positioning of Bangladesh as the “Switzerland of the East” had a profound influence on Bangladesh's later foreign policy formulation.In the past five decades,Bangladesh has improved its relations with India,normalized its relations with Pakistan,strengthened ties with Islamic countries,actively joined international and regional organizations and cooperation mechanisms,and promoted the development of its relations with major powers such as China,Japan and Russia.Based on the three major needs of economic development,political stability and regional security,Bangladesh has formulated a pragmatic,diversified and balanced diplomatic strategy.In particular,the goal of the Bangladeshi government is to promote sustained economic and social development.The diversified and balanced diplomatic strategy will continue to bring development dividends to Bangladesh.In the future,Bangladesh will continue to maintain close ties with India,improve cooperation with China,and strengthen relations with Japan,Russia and the United States to optimize the allocation of resources for development.