木星系探测与JUICE任务概述

Overview of Jupiter System Exploration and JUICE Mission

北京时间2023年4月14日,JUICE探测器的成功发射标志着木星系探测进入黄金时代,后续将重点针对冰卫星的宜居性进行全面探测。除了木星系探测共有的辐射环境恶劣、能源供给困难等技术难点,JUICE任务还有研制难度大、科学载荷多、任务周期长、轨道设计复杂等特点。本文对目前木星系探测发展形势及JUICE任务要点进行了梳理,总结了关键科学问题及技术挑战,对我国未来木星系探测具有借鉴意义。

On April 14,2023,the JUICE(JUpiter ICy moons Explorer)mission was successfully launched.This event marked the beginning of a golden age for Jupiter system exploration in the following decades and future missions willfocus on the comprehensive investigation of the habitability of Jupiter's icy moons.In addition to the common technological challenges(e.g.the harsh radiation environment and the difficulties in energy supply)faced in the Jupiter system exploration,the JUICE mission is characterized by its high development complexity,multiple scientific payloads,long mission duration,and intricate orbit design.This paper reviews the current development of Jupiter system exploration and highlights the key scientific questions and technical challenges of the JUICE mission,which can provide insights for China's future Jupiter system exploration.