光照对车辆速度知觉的影响

The Effects of Lighting Mode on Vehicle Speed Perception

目的在模拟驾驶场景中探究不同光照条件对车辆速度知觉的影响。方法采用3(光照条件:白天、黄昏、夜间)×3(标准速度:36 km/h、72 km/h、108 km/h)的被试内设计,并使用基于交叉阶梯法的二择一迫选任务(2-AFC)采集32名被试对车辆速度估计的主观相等点(PSE)、相对标准速度的估计误差和相对白天的估计误差。结果(1)光照效应存在,白天条件下的主观相等点显著高于其余两种条件;标准速度会影响光照对速度知觉的作用,仅在72 km/h和108 km/h的速度条件下存在光照效应,且在108 km/h的条件下,白天的主观相等点仅显著高于黄昏条件的主观相等点。(2)两类估计误差的结果进一步验证了主观相等点的结果。结论(1)光照效应存在,光照变化影响速度知觉,光照降低会导致速度的高估;(2)标准速度的变化会影响光照效应的作用,光照效应仅在中、高速条件下存在。

Objective The study aims to explore the effect of lighting modes in simulated driving scene on speed perception.Methods Using a 3(lighting modes:day,dusk,night)×3(standard vehicle speed:36km/h,72km/h,108km/h)within-subject experimental design,32 subjects were given a two-alternative forced-choice task(2-AFC)based on interleaved staircases in Psychopy to collect the point of subjective equality(PSE)for speed perception,estimation error relative to standard speed and estimation error relative to day mode.Results First,the speed was overestimated during dusk and night,compared with that during daytime.Second,under the condition of 72km/h,the speed was also overestimated during dusk and night,but under the condition of 108km/h,the PSE of day mode was only significantly higher than that of dusk.Third,other indicators showed the similar results to the PSE.Conclusion These findings suggested that lighting mode has a effect on speed perception and the decrease of lighting leads to the overestimation of speed,the effect of lighting modes will be affected by vehicle speed.