永磁霍尔推力器性能退化及寿命评估研究

Performance Degradation and Life Assessment ofPermanent Magnet Hall Thruster

为了探究永磁霍尔推力器在寿命末期的性能退化情况,针对HEP-600PM型推力器,模拟其陶瓷通道及内永磁盖板形貌,进行了热磁耦合仿真和放电实验。通过计算和实验得出推力器寿命末期永磁铁温度下降在10℃以内;推力和阳极效率退化程度约为10%,推力器在该状态下仍能够满足低轨卫星入轨离轨的任务需求。为了预测推力器的使用寿命,针对内盖板侵蚀现象编写了形貌演化程序,计算了推力器在氙、氪放电时,钛、石墨材料内盖板的侵蚀过程。结果表明,推力器氪气放电时的侵蚀情况更为严峻,内盖板寿命约为氙气放电时的80%;内盖板选用石墨材料,其寿命与钛相比可增加70%以上,采用石墨作为内盖板材料能够大大延长推力器的运行寿命。

To investigate the performance degradation of a nominal 600-Watt Permanent Magnet Hall Ef⁃fect Thruster(HEP-600PM)at the end of lifetime,simulation and experiment with the morphology of eroded ce⁃ramic channel and the inner permanent magnet cover plate(ICP)were carried out.Then temperature of perma⁃nent magnets and performance of the thruster at the beginning and end of lifetime were compared.Due to the ero⁃sion of ceramic channel and the ICP,the temperature of permanent magnets changed within 10℃,with the thrust and anode efficiency was reduced by about 10%.The performance can still meet the demand of orbit raising and de-orbit for LEO constellation satellite.Secondly,a lifetime prediction program for ICP was presented,and simu⁃lated the morphology evolution of graphite and titanium ICP with xenon and krypton.Thruster discharge with kryp⁃ton had a worse erosion condition,and the ICP lifetime is about 80%of xenon.Using graphite can prolong the ICP lifetime over 70%compared with titanium,which shows a bright prospect in thruster life prolong.