乡村振兴战略下农地规模经营对农业绿色发展的影响

The Impact of Farmland Scale Operation on Green Development of Agriculture under the Rural Revitalization Strategy

农地规模经营对乡村振兴战略下农业绿色发展有重要意义。本文基于2000—2020年我国30个省(区、市)面板数据,以农业绿色全要素生产率(简称农业绿色TFP)指标表征农业绿色发展,运用SSBM-GML生产率指数模型对其进行测算,采用面板固定效应和门槛效应模型探究农地规模经营对农业绿色发展的影响。结果表明:研究期内全国农业绿色TFP时序上呈波动平缓上升趋势、空间上存在省际差异性特征;在全国层面,直接效应模型下农地规模经营对农业绿色TFP产生“先促进后抑制”的非线性效应,门槛效应模型下农地规模经营对农业绿色TFP产生边际递减的正向效应;在区域层面,农地规模经营对农业绿色TFP存在异质性影响,东部地区与全国样本回归特征一致,中部和西部地区农地规模经营与农业绿色TFP的关系不显著。规模化在提升农业生产效率的同时,对农业绿色发展的影响是双向的,研究建议根据经济发展水平、农业生产条件等采取符合自身的规模化经营方式以促进农业绿色发展。

Farmland scale operation is important for the green development of agriculture under the strategy of rural revitalization.Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2020,the agricultural green total factor productivity index(agricultural green TFP)is used to characterize agricultural green development,which is measured by the SSBM-GML productivity index model,and the panel fixed effect model and threshold effect model are used to explore the impact of farmland scale operation on agricultural green development.The results show that:(1)During the study period,the national agricultural green TFP has shown a fluctuating upward trend in time series and inter-provincial variability in space;(2)At the national level,farmland scale operation has a non-linear"promotion followed by inhibition"effect on agricultural green TFP in the direct effect model,while farmland scale operation has a positive and marginal decreasing effect on agricultural green TFP in the threshold effect model;(3)At the regional level,there are heterogeneous effects of farmland scale operation on agricultural green TFP,with the eastern region matching the regression characteristics of the national sample,and the relationship between farmland scale operation and agricultural green TFP being insignificant in the central and western regions.While enhancing agricultural production efficiency,the impact of scale on agricultural green development is two-way.It is recommended that each region adopt scale operation models that fit its own economic development level and agricultural production conditions to promote agricultural green development.