论万比洛夫《打野鸭》中的时空体诗学

On the Poetics of Chronotope in Vampilov s Duck Hunting

苏联当代剧作家万比洛夫在代表作《打野鸭》中试图建构一个以时间和空间呈线性维度与循环维度交织的节奏化时空体。该时空体以主人公的当下行为和回忆之间的互动铺开而形成有机整体,同时被剧中的葬礼、乔迁之喜、打野鸭等仪式的展演而消解;在建构与消解过程中,剧作家揭示了作为时空体核心意象的剧中人物充满彷徨矛盾的特征,并对这一负载俄国传统文学“多余人”形象的知识分子提出“行动”的殷切希望。

In his masterpiece Duck Hunting,the contemporary Soviet playwright Alexander Vampilov tries to construct a chronotope in which time and space present linear and circular dimensions alternately.This chronotope is constructed by the interaction between the main character s present actions and his memories to be an organic and deconstructed by rituals such as funeral,house warming and duck hunting.In the process of construction and deconstruction,Vampilov reveals the ambiguous and contradictory personality of the characters as the core image of chronotope,and puts forward the ardent hope of“action”for these intellectuals,who inherit the image of the“superfluous man”of traditional Russian literature.