“残缺”与“丰满”:论张爱玲小说的空白艺术

“Incompleteness” and “Fullness”:the Blank Art of Eileen Chang’s Novels

伊瑟尔的文本空白理论强调作者与读者以文本为媒介的交流互动,揭示了文本意义由表象性“残缺”趋于实质性“丰满”的过程。究其原因,一方面,“残缺”对应作者创作,由文本的召唤性及作者的读者分身意识造成;另一方面,“丰满”针对读者接受,与其在填补空白时所经历的二次否定有关,而位于文本虚构两端的现实与想象恰是勾连“残缺”与“丰满”的桥梁。张爱玲的小说以其富有的“空白”结构生动地体现了以上变化过程及其内部规律。

The text blank theory of Wolfgang Iser emphasizes the interaction between the author and the reader through the medium of text,and reveals the process of the text meaning from the superficial “incompleteness” to the substantive “fullness”.On the one hand,as far as the author's creation is concerned,the “incompleteness” is caused by the response-inviting nature of the text and the author's consciousness of being a division of the reader.“Fullness”,on the other hand,has to do with the subsequent negation experienced on the reader's part while filling in the blanks.In addition,the reality and imagination at both ends of the fictional text bridges the “incompleteness” and the “fullness”.Eileen Chang's novels vividly reflect this changing process and its inherent laws with its rich “blank” structure.