复杂地质环境下矿井开采工艺分析

Analysis of Mining Technology in Complex Geological Environment

我国薄煤层资源分布广泛,但是地质条件复杂,井田内地质构造复杂,正断层、逆断层交错,走向长,落差大,破碎带宽,断层附近岩溶裂隙发育,导水性强;另外存在煤层薄、变化大、储量少,大多数煤层呈藕节状分布,大部分范围内呈现出不稳定的特征;矿井瓦斯含量高,大多数为高沼气矿井。因此,合理选择井田设计参数和开采方法对开发具备上述特点的井田具有十分重要的现实意义。分析了复杂地质环境下矿井开采所面临的挑战,包括地质条件、水文地质条件、环境条件和安全条件,提出了矿井开采工艺,包括矿井开采流程、工艺参数选取、装备选择和安全措施。在此基础上,对矿井开采工艺进行优化,包括工艺参数优化、装备更新与优化、安全措施加强和经济效益分析;通过对某煤矿井的案例分析,验证了提出的矿井开采工艺分析和优化方法的有效性。

Thin coal seam resources are widely distributed in China,but the geological conditions are complex,the tectonics in the mine field is complex,the normal fault and reverse fault are interlaced,the strike is long,the drop is large,the fracture band is wide,the karst fissure near the fault is developed,and the water conductivity is strong;In addition,there are thin coal seams,large variations,and limited reserves,with most coal seams distributed in a lotus shaped pattern and exhibiting unstable characteristics in most areas;The gas content in mines is high,and most of them are high biogas mines.Therefore,reasonable selection of mine design parameters and mining methods is of great practical significance for the development of mine fields with the above characteristics.Based on this,the article analyzes the challenges faced by mining in complex geological environments,including geological conditions,hydrogeological conditions,environmental conditions,and safety conditions.Then,it proposes mining processes,including mining processes,process parameter selection,equipment selection,and safety measures.On this basis,the mining process of the mine was optimized,including process parameter optimization,equipment update and optimization,strengthening of safety measures,and economic benefit analysis;Finally,the effectiveness of the mining process analysis and optimization method proposed in this article was verified through case studies of the same mine.