水生植物-沉积物微生物燃料电池修复黑臭水

Remediation ability of aquatic plant sediment microbial fuel cell in black and odorous water treatment

水生植物-沉积物微生物燃料电池(aquatic plant sediment microbial fuel cell,AP-SMFC)是解决当前环境问题及能源短缺的最有发展前景的技术之一。以黑臭水体底泥为底质,构建了芦苇-沉积物微生物燃料电池(标记为APSM1)、美人蕉-沉积物微生物燃料电池(标记为APSM2)和无植物的沉积物微生物燃料电池(标记为SM)共3个实验系统,研究了3个系统沉积物微生物燃料电池的产电特性及对上覆水和底泥的修复效果。结果表明:APSM1,APSM2和SM启动期为8 d;3个实验系统启动结束后均能维持较稳定的产电,输出电压、电流密度和功率密度顺序为APSM1>APSM2>SM。APSM1和APSM2对上覆水化学需氧量(chemical oxygen demand,COD)、氨氮(ammonia nitrogen,NH+4-N)、总磷(total phosphorus,TP)的平均去除率分别为84.3%和81.6%,82.7%和79.3%,85.5%和83.4%,并且显著高于SM。APSM1,APSM2和SM对底泥中的有机质、NH+4-N和总氮(total nitrogen,TN)去除率分别高于80.5%,49.4%和49.2%,3个实验系统间没有显著差异。APSM1和APSM2对底泥中TP的平均去除率分别为72.6%和66.4%,显著高于SM(42.6%)。APSM1,APSM2和SM对底泥中As,Pb的去除率均高于79%,各系统之间没有显著差异;对底泥中Zn,Cr和Cu的去除率均高于80%,显著高于SM(<61%)。芦苇和美人蕉的引入提升了沉积物微生物燃料电池系统的产电性能,增强了系统对上覆水中COD,NH+4-N,TP及底泥中TP,Zn,Cr和Cu的去除效果。

Aquatic plant sediment microbial fuel cell(AP-SMFC)is one of the most promising technologies to solve the current environmental problems and energy shortage.In this study,reed-sediment microbial fuel cell system(APSM1),canna-sediment microbial fuel cell system(APSM2)and non plant-sediment microbial fuel cell system(SM)were constructed to investigate the characteristics of electricity generation and the remediation ability in the overlying water and sediment.The results show that the starting period of APSM1,APSM2 and SM treatment is 8 d.Relatively stable power production was maintained after starting.The output voltage,current density and power density of the three experimental groups are APSM1>APSM2>SM.The removal efficiencies of COD,NH+4-N and TP in the overlying water were 84.3%,82.7%,85.5%for APSM1,and 81.6%,79.3%,83.4%for APSM2,which are significantly higher than those of SM.The removal efficiencies of organic matter,NH+4-N and TN are more than 80.5%,49.4%and 49.2%in the sediment of APSM1,APSM2 and SM,which are not significantly different.The removal efficiencies of TP are 72.6%and 66.4%in the sediment of APSM1 and APSM2,which are significantly higher than that of SM.The removal efficiencies of As and Pb are more than 79%in the sediment of APSM1,APSM2 and SM,which had no significant differences.However,the removal efficiencies of Zn,Cr and Cu are more than 80%in the sediment of APSM1 and APSM2,which are significantly higher than those of SM(<61%).In the sediment microbial fuel cell system,the introduction of reed or canna improves the electrical production performance and enhances the removal of COD,NH+4-N and TP in the overlying water and the removal of TP,Zn,Cr and Cu in the sediment.