空气污染物与消化系统癌症之间的关联:系统综述

Association between air pollutants and digestive system cancers:a systematic review

目的了解空气污染物与消化系统癌症之间关系,为未来的相关研究和消化系统癌症防控提供参考依据。方法通过数据库PubMed,web of science和Embase,检索1970—2022年间英语发表的所有相关文献,采用Meta分析来探索具体空气污染物对消化系统癌症的影响。结果PM_(2.5)能够增加总的消化系统癌症11%(1.05~1.17)的发病或死亡风险。但从合并分析来看,PM_(2.5)仅与肝癌的风险增加有关,合并RR值(95%CI)为1.31(1.19~1.46),而与其他特定消化系统癌症的关联差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。NO_(2)增加总的消化系统癌症3%(1.00~1.07)的发病或死亡风险。结论对于特定消化系统癌症,PM_(2.5)对肝癌的影响最为明显,而NO_(2)与癌症的关系研究还需要更多研究证据加以支撑,目前已经观察到NO_(2)对总的消化系统癌症存在负面影响。此研究为PM_(2.5)和NO_(2)浓度较高的国家和地区防控消化系统癌症提出启示。

Objective To understand the relationship between air pollutants and digestive system cancers,and to provide a reference for future research and prevention and control of digestive system cancer.Methods All relevant literature published in English between 1970-2022 was searched through the databases of PubMed,web of science and Embase,and meta-analysis was used to explore the effects of specific air pollutants on digestive system cancers.Results PM_(2.5)was able to increase the risk of incidence or mortality of total digestive cancers by 11%(1.05 to 1.17).For specific cancers,PM_(2.5)was only associated with an increased risk of liver cancer in this study,with a combined RR(95%CI)of 1.31(1.19 to 1.46),while there was no statistically significant association with other specific digestive cancers(P>0.05).NO_(2)increased the risk of incidence or mortality of total digestive cancers by 3%(1.00 to 1.07).Conclusion For specific digestive system cancers,PM_(2.5)has the most pronounced effect on liver cancer.More evidence is needed to support the relationship between NO_(2)and cancer.Currently,it has been observed that NO_(2)has a negative effect on overall digestive cancers.This study provides insights for the prevention and control of digestive system cancer in countries and regions with high PM_(2.5)and NO_(2)concentrations.