2016—2021年安阳市食源性疾病主动监测流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of active etiological surveillance of foodborne diseases in Anyang in 2016-2021

目的对河南省安阳市2016—2021年食源性疾病主动监测结果进行分析,为食源性疾病监测、防控策略提供参考依据。方法收集安阳市2016—2021年安阳市食源性疾病主动监测数据,采集粪便标本开展食源性病原体病原体检验,同时采集病例进行相关信息并进行分析。结果2016—2021年安阳市共报告1535例食源性疾病主动监测病例,报告病例主要集中于6~8月(53.03%,814/1535),其中以25~<45岁组(25.41%,390/1535)和45~65岁组(24.43%,375/1535)年龄组病例为主;加工或包装方式中家庭自制比例最高,家庭是主要的进食场所(46.45%,713/1535)。临床症状以消化道症状为主(94.07%,1444/1535)。安阳市食源性疾病病原学监测总阳性检出率为6.97%,历年总检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。致泻大肠埃希菌主要血清型为肠粘附型(EAEC,73.81%)、沙门氏菌优势血清型是肠炎沙门氏菌(54.55%)。结论2016—2021年安阳市食源性疾病夏秋季节高发,25~<45岁组和45~65岁组年龄组年龄组人群为主要发病人群,进食场所以家庭为主,病原体以致泻大肠埃希菌、沙门氏菌为主。应进一步完善安阳市食源性疾病主动监测系统,加大重点高危人群监测力度,针对家庭自制食品,尤其是在夏秋季节,加强食品安全教育。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and prevalent pathogens of foodborn diseases in Anyang city,results of active surveillance of foodborne diseases in Anyang City in 2016-2021,and to provide references for prevention and control of foodborne diseasess.Methods Information on surveillancecases of foodborne diseases reported by sentinel hospitals in Anyang City from 2016 to 2021 was collected,and the collected stool specimens were tested for pathogens.Data was analyzed using descriptive epidemiological methods.Results A total of 1535 foodborne cases were collected in Anyang City.The reported cases were mainly concentrated in June to August(53.03%,814/1535),among which the 25-44 years old group(25.41%,390/1535)and 45-65 years old group(24.43%,375/1535)were the main cases;the proportion of home-made in the processing or packaging method was the highest,and the home was the main exposed places(46.45%,713/1535).Gastrointestinal symptoms were the main clinical symptoms(94.07%,1444/1535),The overall detection rate of pathogen in Anyang City was 6.97%,and The detection rates of pathogenic microorganisms were statistically significant in different years.The main serotype of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli was EAEC(73.81%),and the main type of Salmonella was Salmonella enteritidis(54.55%).Conclusion The incidence of food-borne diseases in Anyang City is high in summer and autumn from 2016 to 2021.The age groups of 25-44 years old and 45-65 years old are the main incidence groups.The exposed places are mainly family,and the pathogens cause Escherichia coli,Salmonella.It is necessary to further improve the active surveillance system of foodborne diseases in Anyang City,increase the monitoring of key high-risk groups,and strengthen food safety education for home-made food,especially in summer and autumn.