自动驾驶中基于透明度的人机界面设计研究

Human-machine Interface Design Based on Transparency in Autonomous Driving Scenes

目的 选取自动驾驶中后方来车的典型场景,探究基于透明度人机界面(HMI)设计对驾驶员认知的影响。方法 采取文献查阅、场景分析、实验评估等研究方法,使用态势感知的透明度(SAT)理论模型,设计了该场景下的HMI界面,并在驾驶模拟器上进行了设计验证。结果 研究结果表明HMI透明度水平与驾驶员对系统的信任度呈正相关,但感知工作量无显著变化。另外,不同水平的透明度信息会影响驾驶员的态势感知能力,而驾驶员对当前情境的理解与信任度存在显著相关性。结论 HMI的透明度设计会从三个方面影响驾驶员的认知,分别是态势感知、工作负荷和信任度。因此在对人机界面进行透明度设计时,需要重点考虑对这些因素的影响。

The work aims to select the typical scene of a vehicle coming from behind in autonomous driving to explore the influence of transparency-based human-machine interface(HMI) design on the driver's cognition.Literature review,scene analysis,experimental evaluation and other research methods were adopted to design the HMI in this scene by the Situation Awareness-based Agent Transparency(SAT) model,and the design was verified on a driving simulator.The results indicated that the HMI transparency level was positively correlated with the driver's trust in the system,but the perceived workload had no significant change.In addition,different levels of transparency affected the drivers' situational awareness ability,and the drivers' understanding of the current situation was significantly correlated with the trust.The transparency design of HMI will affect the drivers' cognition from three aspects:situation awareness,workload and trust.Therefore,it is necessary to focus on the influence of these factors when designing the transparency of human-machine interface.