王者的悲歌:《一块牛排》的异化主题研究

King’s Elegy:An Exploration of Alienation in A Piece of Steak

《一块牛排》是杰克·伦敦拳击系列小说的代表,讲述了曾经的重量级冠军拳击手汤姆·金职业生涯由盛转衰后的悲惨故事。身为一名社会主义作家,伦敦借主人公汤姆在物质至上的资本主义社会中遭受的劳动异化、人际关系的异化和自我的异化揭露了资本主义社会的残酷、人际关系的冷漠及人对适者生存法则的无奈,表达了他对无产阶级贫苦大众的深切同情。然而,伦敦在作品中不自觉地注入了社会达尔文主义思想,维护了白人至上的种族优越观,不能不说暴露了其社会主义思想的不彻底性。

A Piece of Steak is the representative of Jack London’s boxing novels,which tells the tragedy of Tom King,a former heavyweight champion,whose career has experiencedfrom prosperity todecline.As a socialist writer,London exposes the cruelty of a capitalist society,the indifference of interpersonal relations and the helplessness of individuals facing the survival law through the depiction of King’s sufferings in the alienated labor,alienated interpersonal relationship and self-alienationprocess in the materialistic capitalist society,and expresses his deep sympathy for the poor masses of the proletariat.However,London unconsciously injects social Darwinism into his work and defends the idea of racial superiority of the white,which reveals the incompleteness of his socialist ideology.