营商环境生态与区域创新绩效提升——基于QCA和NCA的联动效应分析

The Ecology of Business Environment and the Improvement of Regional Innovation Performance:Based on the Linkage Effect Analysis of QCA and NCA

自深化“放管服”改革以来,营商环境优化一直受到学术界广泛关注。什么样的营商环境生态有益于区域创新绩效的提升是亟待解决的热点问题。从组态视角出发,运用定性比较分析方法(QCA)和必要条件分析方法(NCA),探讨营商环境复杂生态对中国289个城市创新绩效提升的联动效应及路径选择。研究发现,第一,单个营商环境要素均不能作为高区域创新绩效的必要条件,但提高人力资源水平和优化政务环境在高水平区域创新绩效路径中展现出更加普适性的作用;第二,引发高水平区域创新绩效提升有3类营商环境生态,包括创新人才驱动下的政府主导型、政府市场双轮推动下的人才驱动型及政府市场和创新环境三轮推动下的人才驱动型;第三,非高区域创新绩效的5条组态表明,非高市场环境作为核心条件存在于5条组态之中,且呈现明显的弱市场环境倾向。深化区域创新绩效提升背后多因素复杂互动的理性认识,对实现高质量发展具有重要启示意义。

Since the deepening of the reforms to“streamline the government,delegate power,and improve government services”,the optimization of business environment has been widely concerned by the academic community.What kind of business environment is more conducive to the improvement of regional innovation performance is a hot issue to be solved urgently.From the perspective of configuration,this paper uses qualitative comparative analysis(QCA)and necessary condition analysis(NCA)methods to explore the linkage effect and path selection of complex ecology of business environment on the improvement of innovation performance in 289 Chinese cities.The results are as follows:First,no single business environment factor can be the necessary condition for high regional innovation performance,but the improvement of human resources and the optimization of government environment show a more universal role in the path of high-level regional innovation performance.Second,this paper identifies three types of business environment ecologies that lead to high levels of regional innovation performance.It includes the government-led type driven by innovative talents,the talent-driven type driven by government and market,and the talent-driven type driven by government,market and innovative environment.Third,the five configurations of non-high regional innovation performance show that non-high market environment exists in the five configurations as the core condition,and presents an obvious tendency of weak market environment.This study is helpful to deepen the rational understanding of the complex interaction of multiple factors behind the improvement of regional innovation performance,and has important implications for the realization of high-quality development.