中国滨海湿地互花米草生物量时空差异的综述

A Review of Spatial-Temporal Variation of Spartina alterniflora Biomass in Coastal Wetlands of China

互花米草作为C4植物,具有较强的固碳作用,其生物量大小数据可为评估互花米草的碳汇功能提供重要参数。本文通过收集分析我国互花米草地上和地下生物量研究数据,得到中国滨海湿地互花米草生物量时、空分异特征及相关分析结果:①互花米草的地上生物量7月至10月较高,4、5月最低;地下生物量6月至10月较高,2月至4月最低,即互花米草的地上和地下生物量均在夏秋季较高,春季最低。互花米草生物量的这种季节变化格局可能是由互花米草本身的生命活动规律决定的。②在不同省份、同一省份不同区域和同一区域不同生境,互花米草的生物量均存在差异。互花米草生物量的空间差异可能与潮汐作用、纬度差异、根际土壤微生物作用、种群入侵年限和互花米草种类有关。③江苏的地上生物量低于上海、浙江和福建(上海>浙江>福建>江苏),而地下生物量却最高,此外江苏的地下生物量高于本省的地上生物量。这种生物量分配格局可能是由江苏的生长条件不利造成的,互花米草需要将更多的资源投入到繁殖来适应逆境环境,并且在相同环境条件下,植物可利用的资源是一定的,分配到生殖构件的生物量多,就必然导致分配到营养构件的生物量少。

As C4 plants,Spartina alterniflora has a strong carbon sequestration effect,and its biomass data can provide important parameters for assessing the carbon sink function of S.alterniflora.In this paper,by collecting and analyzing the research data on the aboveground and underground biomass of S.alterniflora in China,the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of S.alterniflora biomass in coastal wetlands of China and the relevant analysis results are obtained as follows:①The aboveground biomass of S.alterniflora is higher from July to October,and the lowest in April and May;the underground biomass is higher from June to October,and the lowest from February to April,that is,the aboveground and underground biomass of S.alterniflora is higher in summer and autumn,and the lowest in spring.This seasonal variation pattern of S.alterniflora biomass may be determined by the life activity law of S.alterniflora itself.②The biomass of S.alterniflora is different in different provinces,different regions of the same province and different habitats of the same region.The spatial differences of S.alterniflora biomass may be related to tidal action,latitude differences,rhizosphere soil microbial action,population invasion years and S.alterniflora species.③The aboveground biomass of Jiangsu is lower than that of Shanghai,Zhejiang and Fujian(Shanghai>Zhejiang>Fujian>Jiangsu),while the underground biomass is the highest.In addition,the underground biomass of Jiangsu is higher than the aboveground biomass of itself.This biomass allocation pattern may be caused by the adverse growth conditions in Jiangsu.S.alterniflora needs to invest more resources in reproduction to adapt to the adverse environment,and under the same environmental conditions,the resources available to plants are certain,more biomass allocated to reproductive components will inevitably lead to less biomass allocated to nutritional components.