三七生长年限对5个皂苷及其抗血栓作用的影响

Effect of Growing Years of Panax Notoginseng on Saponins and Their Antithrombotic Effect

目的:通过比较分析不同生长年限对三七质量、皂苷含量及抗血栓作用的影响,为确定三七药材适宜的采收年限提供数据支持。方法:建立高效液相色谱法(HPLC)同时测定三七中人参皂苷Rg1、人参皂苷Rb1、人参皂苷Rd、人参皂苷Re、三七皂苷R15个主要皂苷,比较1—6年不同生长年限的三七有效成分的积累情况。同时,利用斑马鱼血栓模型比较1、2、3年生三七的抗血栓作用。结果:1—3年生三七质量、5个皂苷含量均随生长年限的增加逐渐累积,其中人参皂苷Rg1和人参皂苷Rb1的含量均较高,随年限变化最显著;而4—6年生三七中质量、皂苷含量受批次个体等影响较大,皂苷含量波动较大,与3年生三七相比差异无统计学意义。1—3年生三七抗血栓作用比较中发现,在相同剂量下,生长年限越长,疗效越好;在相同生长年限下,剂量越大,疗效越好。结论:综合品质、产量、种植成本及活性等因素,结合目前产地种植三七的实际情况,3年生三七整体品质较高且趋于稳定,可为三七标准化采收提供依据。

Objective:To provide an experimental basis for determining the appropriate harvesting years by comparing the active ingredients,antithrombotic effects,and ginsenoside content of Panax notoginseng of different years.Methods:A high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method was established for the simultaneous determination of ginsenosides Rg1,Rb1,Rd,Re,and R1 in P.notoginseng.The accumulation of ginsenosides in P.notoginseng of 1-6 years old was compared.Meanwhile,a zebrafish model of thrombosis was used to determine the antithrombotic effect of P.notoginseng of 1,2,and 3 years old.Results:The medicinal part weight and five ginsenosides of P.notoginseng increased gradually with the increase in growth years within the range of 1-3 years.The content of ginsenosides Rg1 and Rb1 were higher and changed most significantly over the years.The medicinal part weight and ginsenoside content of P.notoginseng of 4-6 years old mainly showed differences between batches and between individuals,and the ginsenoside content fluctuated greatly with no statistical difference compared with that in 3-year-old P.notoginseng.In the case of the same dose,the antithrombotic effect of P.notoginseng enhanced over time within 3 years.For P.notoginseng with the same growing years,the higher dose had better antithrombotic effect.Conclusion:Considering multiple factors such as quality,yield,planting cost,activity,and the actual situation of P.notoginseng cultivation in the current production area,we conclude that the overall quality of 3-year-old P.notoginseng is high and tends to be stable,which can provide a basis for standardized harvesting of P.notoginseng.