海洋防污涂料研究进展

Research Progress of Marine Antifouling Coatings

海洋生物附着导致的生物污损会对船舶、海上平台和仪器等海洋设备造成破坏,也可能对海洋生态平衡带来不利影响,因此一直是国内外的关注焦点。防污技术的发展经历了金属、涂料、防污涂料等过程,其中,给海洋装备涂装防污涂料被认为是防止其被海洋生物污损最为经济有效的方法,但传统防污涂料存在环境污染问题。随着环境保护要求日趋严格,防污损材料机理研究的不断深入,新型海洋防污涂料正得到越来越多研究者的关注和更广泛的应用。首先对海洋防污涂料的分类进行了简单介绍;然后围绕化学防污、物理防污、仿生/智能防污涂料,分别阐述了各种涂料的防污机理和最新研究进展;最后,对海洋防污涂料的未来发展进行了展望。

Biofouling caused by the attachment of marine organisms will cause damage to marine equipment,such as ships,offshore platforms and instruments,and may also affect the marine ecological balance.Marine biofouling has always been the focus of attention at home and abroad.Antifouling technology has gone through processes such as metal coating,coating,and antifouling coating,among which,antifouling coatings for marine equipment are considered to be the most economical and effective method to prevent marine biofouling.However,traditional antifouling coatings have environmental pollution problems.Marine antifouling coatings are getting more and more attention and are widely used.In this paper,a brief introduction is given to the classification of marine antifouling coatings;a comprehensive review of the antifouling mechanismand latest research progress in chemical antifouling,physical antifouling,and bionic/smart antifouling coatings is presented,and the future development of marine antifouling coatings is prospected.