干细胞治疗薄型子宫内膜的研究进展

Research Progress of Stem Cell Therapy for Thin Endometrium

子宫内膜过薄会影响子宫内膜容受性,从而降低育龄期女性胚胎着床率、临床妊娠率及活产率,甚至导致不孕症。薄型子宫内膜的治疗方式众多,但疗效欠佳。近年来,干细胞作为一种潜在的基于细胞的治疗方法受到越来越多的关注,其具有较低的免疫原性以及更高的自我更新和分化能力等优势,是一种很有前景的细胞替代疗法。研究表明,移植经血、子宫内膜、骨髓、脂肪及脐带等不同来源的干细胞可以有效促进薄型子宫内膜形态和功能的恢复。干细胞治疗薄型子宫内膜虽然有巨大的潜力,但同时也存在着移植率低、肿瘤形成、纯化及制备等问题。综述不同来源的干细胞在薄型子宫内膜临床试验中的应用。

Thin endometrium can affect endometrial receptivity,thereby reducing the embryo implantation rate,clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate of women of childbearing age,which even leads to infertility.There are many treatments for thin endometrium,but the efficacy is not ideal.In recent years,stem cells have attracted more and more attention as a potential cell-based therapy,as a promising cell replacement therapy due to its advantages of lower immunogenicity and higher self-renewal and differentiation ability.Studies have shown that the transplantation of stem cells from different sources,such as menstrual blood,endometrium,bone marrow,adipose tissue and umbilical cord,can effectively promote the recovery of thin endometrium morphology and function.Although stem cells have great potential in the treatment of thin endometrium,there are also some problems such as low transplantation rate,tumor formation possibility,purification and preparation difficulty.This article reviews the clinical trials of stem cells from different sources in thin endometrium.