胸腰椎骨折的分类和手术治疗

Classification and surgical management foRthoracolumbaRfractures

胸腰椎骨折是临床上最常见的脊柱创伤。胸腰椎骨折分类经过最近几十年的发展,胸腰椎损伤分级和损伤程度评分、新的AO分类与评分系统逐渐被临床所接受,为胸腰椎骨折的临床治疗提供指导。随着椎弓根螺钉固定系统的发展和广泛应用,后路手术是目前胸腰椎骨折最常用的手术方式。由于微创手术术中出血少、手术时间短,术后腰背痛和围术期并发症发生率更低,在胸腰椎骨折中的应用也在迅速增多。

ThoracolumbaRfractures are the most common spine trauma in clinical practice.The classification of thoracolumbaRfractures developed rapidly in recent decades:the thoracolumbaRinjury classification and severity score(TLICS)and the new AO classification(AOSpine TLICS)as well as its scoring system,i.e.,thoracolumbaRAOSpine injury score(TL AOSIS),have been gradually accepted and adopted by orthopedic surgeons to guide the clinical treatment of thoracolumbaRfractures.With the development and widespread application of pedicle screw fixation systems,posterioRapproach is most commonly used foRthoracolumbaRfractures.Due to the limited intraoperative bleeding,short surgical time,as well as low incidence of postoperative low back pain and perioperative complications,minimally invasive surgery has been increasingly recommended foRtreatment of thoracolumbaRfractures.