马克思论恶的发生与克服

Marx on the Occurrence and Overcoming of Evil

从马克思对恶的存在及其发生过程的说明出发,可以论证在马克思那里,资本主义如何作为一种“恶的政体”而存在。同时,结合国内外学界对马克思“恶”的观念的论述,通过讨论对于资本主义之“恶”的马克思主义克服方式,进一步把握马克思如何基于一种对人的本质的论述实现这种克服。在此基础上,基于对恶的分析,可说明马克思如何可能支持一种历史和实践维度上的道德实在论立场,反驳几种对马克思道德哲学“非道德性”的批评。

Starting from Marx's account of the existence of evil and the process of its occurrence,this article argues how,in Marx,capitalism exists as a“Evil Polity”.At the same time,it discusses the Marxist way of overcoming the“evil”of capitalism in the light of domestic and international scholarship on Marx's conception of“evil”.Then we argue how Marx achieved such an overcoming based on an account of the nature of man.After the analysis of evil,we conclude Marx might support a moral realism position in its historical and practical dimensions,and some criticisms of the“unmoral nature”of Marx's moral philosophy need to be refuted.