财政分权、财政压力与创新质量--来自2008-2019年省级面板数据的实证检验

Fiscal Decentralization,Fiscal Pressure,and Innovation Quality:Empirical Test from Provincial Panel Data from 2008 to 2019

提升创新质量是解决创新领域“卡脖子”问题和实现科技自立自强的关键之举。文章在分析财政分权对创新质量影响机理基础上,运用2008—2019年我国31个省份的面板数据,建立固定效应模型,研究财政分权、财政压力与创新质量之间的关系及作用机制。结果表明:财政分权有助于促进创新质量明显改善,且通过分位数回归发现,财政分权对低分位数样本创新质量的促进效应要明显强于高分位数样本;财政分权对创新质量的促进效应受财政压力影响,财政压力相对较大的样本,财政分权对创新质量的促进作用表现更强;随着财政压力持续加大,财政分权对创新质量的促进效应呈现下降趋势,且财政压力达到一定程度后,财政分权对创新质量呈现出抑制效应。

Improving the quality of innovation is a key measure to solve the"bottleneck"problem in the field of innovation and achieve technological self-reliance.Based on the analysis of the impact mechanism of fiscal decentralization on inno‐vation quality,this paper uses the panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2008 to 2019 to establish a fixed effect model to study the relationship and mechanism between fiscal decentralization,fiscal pressure,and innovation quality.The re‐sults show that fiscal decentralization can significantly improve the quality of innovation,and through quantile regression,it is found that fiscal decentralization has a significantly stronger effect on innovation quality in low quantile samples than in high quantile samples;the promoting effect of fiscal decentralization on innovation quality is influenced by fiscal pres‐sure.For samples with relatively high fiscal pressure,fiscal decentralization has a stronger promoting effect on innovation quality;as fiscal pressure continues to increase,the promoting effect of fiscal decentralization on innovation quality shows a downward trend,and when fiscal pressure reaches a certain level,fiscal decentralization shows a inhibitory effect on innovation quality.