复杂环境下高架桥快速爆破拆除技术研究

Study on Rapid Blasting Demolition Technology of Viaduct Under a Complex Environment

桥梁爆破常遇到桥梁所处环境复杂的情况,爆破技术难度大、安全要求高。该文结合案例,分析复杂环境下某高架桥快速爆破拆除技术。该工程采取“一次点火分段起爆的微差爆破方式”“多单元复式导爆管闭合起爆网路”“多材料、多层次的安全防护”“桥下桩基软土覆盖、地貌整平”和“混合材料有效填塞”等安全技术措施,爆破后大桥解体充分,空气冲击波、飞石及噪声等得到了有效控制,确保了周边建构筑物和重要设施的安全。该爆破拆除技术可广泛应用于高速路横跨桥、城市市区高架桥等复杂环境下的桥梁爆破拆除,为类似项目提供了可靠的爆破设计和施工参考。

Bridge blasting often has to be conducted under complex environments because of its location,calling for high blasting technology and safety requirements.Based on a case,this paper analyzed the rapid blasting demolition technology of a viaduct in a complex environment.In this project case,a variety of safety technical measures were taken,such as“millisecond blasting of segmented detonation with one single ignition”,“closed detonation network with multi-unit compound detonators”,“multi-material and multi-level safety protection”,“soft soil coverage and terrain leveling of pile foundation under the bridge”,“effective filling of mixed materials”,and so forth.The bridge was fully disintegrated in the blasting,and air shock waves,flying rocks,and noise were effectively controlled,ensuring the safety of surrounding buildings and important facilities.The blasting demolition technology can be widely used for bridges in complex environments such as highway crossing bridges,urban viaduct,etc.,providing a reliable reference for the blasting design and construction of similar projects.