基于InVEST模型的北京市延庆区自然保护地生境质量评估

Assessment of Habitat Quality of Natural Protected Areas Based on InVEST Model in Yanqing District of Beijing

采用InVEST模型,选取生境质量和生境退化风险两个指标,分析北京市延庆区生境质量空间分布特征;通过莫兰指数与ArcGIS软件结合,揭示两个生境指标的冷热点覆盖区;探究生境质量、生境退化风险与不同类型自然保护地间的关系。研究结果表明:延庆区生境质量东北部、西北部和东南部较高,西南部部分区域生境质量较低,生态退化风险从东北向西南呈升高趋势,各类自然保护地生境质量指数均高于0.9,且均高于全区均值(0.8342);自然保护地内生境热点较少,生境退化风险热点主要集中在西南部城区,东北和东南部也有零星分布;不同类型保护地之间生境退化风险存在一定差异,其中湿地公园退化风险高于其他类型,需要强化对湿地公园的规划和管理,减少人为活动的干扰。

The InVEST model was used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of habitat quality in Yanqing District of Beijing by selecting two indicators of habitat quality and habitat degradation risk;the cold and hot spot coverage areas of the two habitat indexes were revealed based on Moran's I and ArcGIS software;the relationship between habitat quality,habitat degradation risk and different types of natural protected areas was discussed.The results showed that the habitat quality in the northeast,northwest and southeast of Yanqing District was higher than that in the southwest,the ecological degradation risk increased from northeast to southwest,and the habitat quality indexes of various natural protected areas was higher than 0.9,and higher than the average value of the whole region(0.8342);there were few habitats hot spots in natural protected area,and the habitat degradation risk hot spots were mainly concentrated in the southwest urban area,and sporadically distributed in the northeast and southeast.;there were certain differences in habitat degradation risks among different types of natural protected areas,with wetland parks having a higher risk of degradation than other types.Therefore,this paper suggested to strengthen the planning and management of wetland parks to reduce human interference.