全球粮食安全治理体系变革与中国粮食安全保障研究

Promoting Reform of the Global Food Security Governance System to Strengthen the Foundation of Chinese Food Security

随着粮食贸易自由化和全球农业专业化分工的发展,全球粮食生产和消费空间分离,各国粮食系统越来越多的依赖全球化的粮食系统。然而,在逆全球化、疫情、气候变化等多因叠加下,全球粮食安全面临前所未有的挑战。本文简要概括现有粮食安全治理体系下全球粮食供求变化趋势以及对中国粮食安全的影响,从粮食安全内涵、全球粮食供求结构、国际贸易、治理格局、治理机构五个方面总结了当前全球粮食治理体系的特征及面临的困境。研究发现,在发达国家主导下,现有粮食安全治理体系存在全球粮食分配不平衡、供应链脆弱、治理缺位、多边治理效能发挥不足、改革滞后等问题。为构建更加公平、开放和包容的全球粮食安全治理体系,打破当前治理僵局,通过加强国际农业合作、改革粮食贸易体系、增强发展中国家参与度、充分发挥数字技术驱动作用、重视区域性粮食治理体系的协调优势,引领全球粮食安全治理体系变革,保障中国粮食安全外部环境的稳定。

With the liberalization of food trade and the development of the specialized division in global agriculture,global food production and consumption space are separated,and the food system of each country is increasingly dependent on the global food system.However,global food security faces unprecedented challenges due to multiple factors,such as anti-globalization,COVID-19,and climate change.This paper briefly summarized the changing trend of global food supply and demand and its impact on Chinese food security under the existing food security governance system,and elaborated the characteristics and difficulties of the current global food governance system from five aspects:food security connotation,global food supply and demand structure,international trade,governance pattern,and governance institutions.The study found that the existing food security governance system,led by developed countries,had problems such as unbalanced global food distribution,fragile supply chains,deficient governance,inadequate multilateral harmonized system,and lagging reform.To build a fairer,open and inclusive global food security governance system and strengthen the foundation of Chinese food security,it breaks the current governance deadlock and lead the reform of the global food security governance system by strengthening international agricultural cooperation,reforming the food trade system,increasing the participation of developing countries,giving full play to the driving role of digital technology,and stressing the coordination advantages of regional food security governance systems.