中国海洋渔业碳汇的时空演变及发展态势

Carbon sink′s spatial-temporal evolution and development trend of China′s marine fishery

碳中和不仅体现在碳减排的结构转型上,也是对碳增汇能力的考量,而海洋对后者的贡献尤为突出。基于平均营养级视角,构建海洋渔业碳汇核算体系,考察中国海洋渔业碳汇变化,揭示其时空演变特征,并分析其发展态势。结果表明:①中国海洋渔业碳汇时序变化明显。总体呈上升趋势,以远洋渔业为主导。②中国海洋渔业碳汇空间差异显著。远洋渔业两极分化严重,呈“太平洋极多,大西洋和印度洋极少”的格局;近海渔业碳汇相对均衡,呈“东海最多,渤海最少,南海和黄海相近”的格局。③中国海洋渔业碳汇与森林碳汇相比贡献极大,但二者差距逐年缩小,其贡献能力日趋减弱。

Carbon neutrality reflects not only in the structural transition of carbon emission reduction but also in the carbon sink capacity.The ocean contributes outstandingly to the latter one.Based on the mean trophic level,this paper established an accounting system for the carbon sink of the marine fishery,inspected the transition of the carbon sink of China′s marine fishery,revealed the features of spatial-temporal evolution,and analyzed its development trend.The results showed that:①Temporal series change was apparent in the carbon sink of China′s marine fishery with a generally upward trend,dominated by the pelagic fishery.②Spatial divergence was significant in the carbon sink of China′s marine fishery.The divergence in the pelagic fishery showed a polarization with a pattern of extremely large divergence in the Pacific Ocean and extremely small in the Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean.However,the divergence in the offshore fishery was not apparent.The largest one appeared in the East China Sea and the smallest one in the Bohai Sea.The divergence was similar in the South China Sea and the Yellow Sea.③Compared with forest′s carbon sink,the carbon sink of China′s marine fishery played much more important role in enhancing carbon sink capability.However,the gap between them had been narrowed because the function of the China′s marine fishery towards carbon sink capability had weakened.