基于RS与GIS的南京市土地利用及景观格局变化分析

Analysis of Land Use and Landscape Pattern Change in Nanjing Based on RS and GIS

人类社会经济的发展对土地利用和景观格局会产生重要的影响。本文以2010、2015、2020年3期TM遥感影像数据为基础,借助RS与GIS技术对南京市土地利用与景观格局的变化进行分析。研究结果表明,南京市土地类型主要以耕地、林地、建设用地和水域为主,而草地和未利用地面积相对较小,占比不足1%。在研究期间变化过程主要是建设用地在增加,十年间增加了168.86 km^(2)。景观格局分析表明,南京市景观的斑块密度、形状指数、香农多样性指数和均匀度指数不断增加,景观的破碎化程度提高,异质性增强。南京市土地利用和景观格局有明显的变化趋势,城市化和退耕还林是南京市土地利用和景观格局变化的主要因素。

The development of human society and economy will have an important impact on land use and landscape pattern.Based on TM remote sensing image data from three periods in 2010,2015 and 2020,the changes of land use and landscape pattern in Nanjing are analyzed with the help of RS and GIS technology.The research results show that the land types in Nanjing are mainly cultivated land,forest land,construction land and water area,while grassland and unused land are relatively small,accounting for less than 1%.During the study period,the change process is mainly due to the increase of construction land,which increased by 168.86 km^(2) in ten years.The analysis of landscape pattern show that the patch density,shape index,Shannon diversity index and evenness index of Nanjing landscape increased continuously,and the fragmentation degree and heterogeneity of the landscape increased.The land use and landscape pattern in Nanjing have obvious trends of change.Urbanization and returning farmland to forest are the main factors for the change of land use and landscape pattern in Nanjing.