矿井巷道支护加固技术与材料防腐工艺的分析应用

Analysis and Application of Support and Reinforcement Technology and Material Anti-corrosion Technology for Mine Tunnels

我国煤矿巷道支护与加固已实现了从木材到金属的支护材料革命,被动支护到主动支护的技术革命,方法主要有四大类型,一类是井下巷道的表面型支护类型,一般有棚式支架、支柱型、砌碹支护、喷射混凝土等形式;一类是围岩锚固型,主要采取锚杆与锚索的加固方式;一类是围岩改性型,采取的主要方式是注浆加固;一类是联合控制型,即采取多种方式进行的支护,本文在系统介绍各种支护材料与构件的力学特性,注浆加固及充填材料的物理力学性能,分析支护加固材料与构件存在的问题,支护加固效果及适用条件,分析了对其未来的发展进行了展望,为矿井巷道的安全以及煤矿井下的高效开采提供坚实可靠保障。

The support and reinforcement of coal mine tunnels in China has achieved a revolution in support materials from wood to metal,as well as a technological revolution from passive support to active support.There are four main types of methods:one is the surface support type of underground tunnels,which generally includes shed support,pillar type,arch support,shotcrete,and other forms;one type is the surrounding rock anchoring type,which mainly adopts the reinforcement method of anchor rods and cables;one type is the modified type of surrounding rock,which mainly adopts grouting reinforcement;one type is the joint control type,which adopts multiple methods of support.This article systematically introduces the mechanical properties of various support materials and components,the physical and mechanical properties of grouting reinforcement and filling materials,analyzes the problems existing in support reinforcement materials and components,the effectiveness and application conditions of support reinforcement,and analyzes the prospects for its future development,to provide a solid and reliable guarantee for the safety of mine tunnels and efficient mining underground.