规则挑战还是体系建设?——中国全球治理观的欧美学界认知与解析

Normative Challenger or Systemic Developer?——European&American Academic Cognition on China’s View of Global Governance and Evaluation

中国提出共商共建共享的全球治理观,对全球治理的议程和走向产生了积极的影响。欧美学界从角色界定、行为认知、政策因应等维度对中国全球治理观展开了深入分析。一方面,欧美学界认为中国是全球治理体系和国际规则的挑战者,以选择性的方式从国际社会受益并拓展话语权;另一方面,作为国际格局中的新型角色,中国对全球治理体系和规则产生了多方面的影响,但同时中国自身也受到国际规则的制约,并不会对现行国际秩序形成冲击。总体来看,欧美学界对中国全球治理观的认知既充斥着负面评价,也蕴含着理性分析,更有服务于欧美对华竞争的价值导向。积极应对欧美学界对中国全球治理观的认知,是未来中国提升外交影响力、推进全球治理变革的重要途径。

Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC,China has creatively put forward a global governance view with Chinese characteristics based on diplomatic thoughts established since the foundation of PRC,and actively led the global governance reform with the responsibility of a big power and provided public goods for the whole international community.There exists a corresponding link between the China’s rise and global governance,which means that China’s rise is an individual unit composed in the global governance as a systematic process.As one of the key players on the world stage,China’s endeavor of establishing view of global governance has contributed to the agenda and tendency of global governance and led to a world-wide attention by politician and academician.The understanding and cognition of China by other key powers,especially the Europe and US,in the process of global governance will play an increasingly important role in China’s diplomatic environment and effectiveness.During the last decade the intensified de-globalization has been leading the global governance to the risk of fragmentation as well as the focus on China’s view and diplomacy by international community.Especially academic circles in Europe and US have focused on China’s diplomacy and its’view of global governance,and shaped it into a popular topic in the study of international relations.The concrete manifestation is that majority of Europe and US scholars usually put the issue of how to understand and respond to China’s rise into the research agenda of foreign relations with priority.And even certain percentage of the research will take the China’s rise and its view of global governance as the framework to analyze the West and its’international policy.The purpose of this paper is to understand the cognition of Europe and US academic circles on China’s view of global governance since we know that it is the key element to clarify the current mechanism and tendency of global governance.The paper is based on collection of professional studies by those famous research institutes like the Brookings Institution,Carnegie Endowment for International Peace,the Royal Institute of International Affairs,which have significant influence in the field of international studies.The literature collection follows two criteria.Firstly,the authors of literature should be from Europe and US research institutions.Secondly the literature should be mainly about China’s view and its’innovation in field of global governance in the new era.This paper also includes researches of some scholars from Canada and other countries because of their Western value identity and their distinguished research on China.The paper finds that the cognition has been shaped into a continuous and extensive analysis of China’s global governance view mainly from four dimensions of role definition,behavior cognition,change response and image shaping.Europe and US academic circles believe that China,while benefiting from the international community and improving its discourse power obviously due to its’cherry-picking involvement,is and will continue to be a challenge to the global governance system based on international rules.And there are alternative points regarding that China,as a new role with distinctive characteristics in the international structure,has exerted various influences onto the global governance system and rules,but at the same time,China itself is also dominated by international rules and will not destroy it.On the whole,Europe and US academic circles have formed a rich and complicated cognitive spectrum about China’s global governance view,which includes not only negative comments but pragmatic and rational analysis,and has a political orientation serving the Europe and US competition strategy against China.This paper explores into the cognitive spectrum of China’s view of global governance in Europe and US academic circles and holds that since Europe and US are the defenders of the current global governance institution,their cognition of China’s view of global governance has occupied the commanding heights of the relevant research context.It is important for China to enhance its diplomacy and promote the reform of global governance in the future to actively fit for the challenges and opportunities in the process of globalization.