网络平台信息信义义务的法理阐释及价值展开

Legal Interpretation and Value Expansion of Information Fiduciary Obligations of Network Platforms

用户与网络平台之间的信息关系具有“依赖性”和“脆弱性”,平台应该对处于弱势地位的用户承担信息信义义务。用户信息利益优先的信义标准能够与平台商业模式兼容,在信义法理层面不存在障碍。网络平台承担信息信义义务可以弥补传统个人信息控制论在数字经济时代的个人控制“不能”或控制“过度”之缺陷,更有利于实现保护个人权益并促进信息利用的二元目标。我国现行个人信息保护制度本质上仍属于个人信息控制论的法律表达,对信息关系的调整较为僵化,对此可基于网络平台信息信义义务的规范进路予以优化,构建以增强用户平台信任为目标的动态信息保护机制。

The information relationship between users and network platforms has“dependency”and“vulnerability”,so network platforms should undertake information fiduciary obligations to the vulnerable users.The fiduciary standard of giving priority to users’information interests can be compatible with the business model of platforms,and there is no fundamental barrier in terms of fiduciary jurisprudential level.The information fiduciary obligations of network platforms can remedy the defects of the theory of individual control in the context of the digital economy,such as the“inability”and“excess”of individual control,and is more conducive to the realization of the dual goals of protecting the rights and interests of personal information and promoting the rational use of information.The present regulations in China are still the legal expression of the theory of individual control in essence,which is rigid in the adjustment of information relationship.In this regard,we can optimize the regulations based on the approach of information fiduciary obligations of network platforms,and construct a multi-dynamic information protection mechanism with the goal of strengthening“user platform”trust.