非洲白蚁及其管理现状

African termites and their current state of management

非洲是一个非常古老且相对孤立的大陆,其气候非常适合白蚁生存。因此,非洲不仅白蚁种类丰富,还保存了较多特有的白蚁类群。其中一些有害的白蚁种类对房屋建筑、农作物、森林、草原牧场都有不同程度的破坏,造成极大的经济损失。随着“一带一路”建设的推进,中国与非洲国家间的经贸合作不断深化,非洲白蚁入侵我国的风险也日渐加剧,中非白蚁防治的合作交流也成为必然。本文概述了非洲地区的白蚁种类、分布、危害、防治技术和药械等现状,以及各国相关的管理法规,旨在助力“一带一路”建设,促进我国与非洲国家开展白蚁防治交流合作活动,为防止有害白蚁入侵、维护国家生物安全提供依据。

Africa is a very ancient and relatively isolated continent,whose climate is very suitable for termites.Therefore,there is an abundance of termite species including many endemic species in Africa.Among them,some harmful termite species have caused varying degrees of damage to houses,crops,forests,grasslands and pastures,and resulted in great economic losses.With the advance of the“Belt and Road”initiative,economic and trade cooperation between China and African countries has been deepening,which increases the risk of African termites invading our country.Thus,the collaboration and exchange in termite control between China and Africa countries are inevitable.This paper summarizes the species,distribution,damage,control technology and insecticides of termites in African countries,as well as relevant laws and regulations for termite control.The purpose of this study is to support the“Belt and Road”initiative,promote Chinese government to work in close collaboration with African countries on termite control,and provide a basis for preventing the invasion of harmful termites and maintaining national biosecurity.