火山地震监测在火山喷发预测中的应用

Application of Volcanic Earthquake Monitoring in Predicting Volcanic Eruption

火山地震学是火山监测的一种重要方法,同时也是预测火山喷发最有效的方法。本文首先回顾了火山地震监测的历史,分析汇总了火山地震的类型和特征,并介绍了各类地震的形成机理。然后,对近年来发展起来的火山地震学方法进行了简要介绍,如地震活动性分析、实时振幅比测量、地震波速度变化和重复地震等,同时列举了具体的应用实例。最后,介绍了火山地震学方法在中国大陆火山监测中的应用。

Volcano seismology is an important technique in volcano monitoring,and it is also the most effective method to predict volcanic eruptions.This paper reviews the history of volcanic earthquake monitoring,analyzes and summarizes the types and characteristics of volcanic earthquakes,and introduces the mechanism of various earthquakes.Then,the volcanic seismological methods developed in recent years are briefly introduced,such as seismic activity analysis,real-time amplitude ratio measurement,seismic wave velocity variation and repeated earthquakes,in which some practical application examples are demonstrated.Finally,the application of volcanic seismology in active volcano monitoring of China is introduced.