1995—2021年上海市浦东新区居民肺癌死亡特征及减寿率分析

Mortality and years of life lost of lung cancer among residents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai from 1995 to 2021

【目的】探究1995—2021年上海市浦东新区居民肺癌死亡的流行病学特征和减寿情况,为进一步相关防治措施的制订提供参考。【方法】数据来源于浦东新区死因监测系统,对肺癌死亡的分析包括使用粗死亡率(CMR)、标化死亡率(SMR)、潜在减寿年数(PYLL)、平均减寿年数(AYLL)和年度变化百分比(APC)等,运用率差分解法来分析年龄结构因素和非年龄结构因素在肺癌死亡率变化中起到的作用。【结果】1995—2021年浦东新区居民肺癌CMR为58.21/10万,SMR为26.75/10万,CMR呈上升趋势(APC=1.91%,95%CI为1.60%~2.30%;Z=11.487,P<0.001),SMR逐年下降(APC=-1.50%,95%CI为-1.80%~-1.20%;Z=-9.006,P<0.001)。年龄结构因素导致了肺癌死亡率的上升;非年龄结构因素整体似乎起到保护作用,可能与控烟、环境治理等因素的改善有关。浦东新区肺癌PYLL为160296人年,潜在减寿率(PYLLR)为2.24‰,AYLL为3.86年·人-1。【结论】上海市浦东新区居民肺癌粗死亡率呈上升趋势,疾病负担较严重,主要受到年龄结构因素的负面影响,对此需要更全面的监测及相应的防控策略。

[Objective]To investigate the epidemiological traits and potential years of life lost associated with lung cancer mortality among inhabitants of Shanghai's Pudong New Area from 1995 to 2021,in order to serve as a reference for developing intervention approaches.[Methods]The death surveillance system was used to gather statistics on lung cancer deaths.Crude mortality rate(CMR),standardized mortality rate(SMR),potential years of life lost(PYLL),average years of life lost(AYLL),annual percent change(APC)of the lung cancer deaths were analyzed.The impact of age-structural and non-age-structural factors on changes in lung cancer mortality was quantified using difference decomposition.[Results]The CMR and SMR of lung cancer among residents in Pudong New Area between 1995 and 2021 were 58.21/105 and 26.75/105,respectively.The CMR of lung cancer increased over the years(APC=1.91%,95%CI=1.60%-2.30%;Z=11.487,P<0.001),and the SMR of lung cancer declined over the years(APC=−1.50%,95%CI=−1.80%-−1.20%;Z=−9.006,P<0.001).Age structure factors and gender factors contributed to the increase of lung cancer mortality,while non-population age structure factors overall appeared to play a protective role which might be related to the improvements in factors such as tobacco control and environmental management.The PYLL of lung cancer was 160296 person years,the PYLL rate was 2.24‰,and the AYLL was 3.86 years per person.[Conclusion]Age structure factors are a significant contributor to the disease burden and result in the increase in the crude lung cancer mortality rate of Pudong residents of shanghai.Comprehensive monitoring,preventive,and control methods should be implemented.