摘要
【目的】分析上海市闵行区水痘因病缺课监测系统和全国疾病报告管理信息系统监测数据,了解水痘在中小学因病缺课中的特征,为做好校内水痘防控提供科学依据。【方法】收集2021年水痘因病缺课和全国疾病报告信息系统监测数据,描述性分析因病缺课系统与网络直报系统数据一致性和水痘因病缺课的流行特征。【结果】2021年闵行区水痘发病率为48.28/10万,中小学因病缺课率为612.08/10万,水痘因病缺课率为6.03/10万,水痘因病缺课率分布与病例发病情况一致,男生缺课率高于女生,2个发病高峰期缺课率较高,不同学段学生水痘因病缺课率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=135.217,P<0.001),初中生缺课率最高。水痘高发期和非高发期的缺课天数差异无统计学意义(t=0.173,P=0.863),因病缺课系统和网络直报系统实际匹配率为88.90%,网络直报的病例与未网络直报病例之间缺课天数差异无统计学意义(t=0.346,P=0.730)。【结论】闵行区水痘发病率和因病缺课率相对较低,因病缺课系统和网报直报系统数据的一致性有所提高,水痘日常校园防控常年保持在较好水平。
[Objective]To analyze the varicella cases from the illness-induced absenteeism system and the National Notifiable Disease and Reporting System(NNDRS)in primary and secondary school students in Minhang District,determine the characteristics of varicella-induced absenteeism in schools,and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of varicella in schools.[Methods]Surveillance data of varicella-induced absenteeism and varicella cases in the NNDRS in 2021 were collected.Characteristics of varicella-induced absenteeism and consistency of data between the illness-induced absenteeism system and the NNDRS were determined,using descriptive analysis and matching varicella cases in the two systems.[Results]The incidence of varicella in Minhang District was 48.28/105 in 2021.The overall rate of illness-induced absenteeism was 612.08/105 in primary and secondary schools,and the rate of varicella-induced absenteeism was 6.03/105.The distribution of varicella-induced absenteeism was consistent with the incidence of varicella cases.Furthermore,the rate of varicellainduced absenteeism was significantly higher in boys than in girls.The rate increased synchronously during the peak of varicella incidence.The rate differed significantly across the students in diverse schools(χ^(2)=135.217,P<0.001),which was the highest in middle school students.However,there was no significant difference in the number of absent days between peak incidence and non-peak incidence periods of varicella(t=0.173,P=0.863).Moreover,actual matching proportion of varicella cases between illness-induced absenteeism system and the NNDRS was 88.90%.The varicella cases that had been notified and those had not been notified in the NNDRS did not differ significantly in the number of absent days(t=0.346,P=0.730).[Conclusion]The incidence of varicella and varicella-induced absenteeism in schools is relatively low in Minhang District.Data between the illness-induced absenteeism system and the NNDRS is consistent.Routine prevention and control of varicella in schools is maintained a good level throughout the year.
作者
王宙云
成玉萍
WANG Zhouyun;CHENG Yuping(Minhang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 201101,China)
出处
《上海预防医学》
CAS
2023年第5期483-487,共5页
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
上海市闵行区自然科学研究项目(2021MHZ066)。
关键词
中小学
因病缺课
水痘
监测
传染病
primary and secondary schools
absenteeism in school
varicella
surveillance
infectious disease